Financial Analysis

The Numbers

Understand what a Miami deal really looks like. No hype, just math.

Education Only, Not Financial Advice

Everything here is educational. Always validate numbers with your own lender, CPA, and attorney.

Market Snapshot

Miami at a Glance (Late 2025)

Prices & Rents

Median Condo Price

~$425,000

Up from $209k in 2015

Median Home Price (Sold)

$530k–$570k

Avg Rent (All Types)

~$3,100/month

Brickell 2BR Rent

$3,975–$4,600/month

Yields & Cap Rates

Gross Yield (Price-to-Rent ~20)

~5.1%

Before expenses — tight for cash flow

Stabilized MF Cap Rates

5.1–5.3%

Class A/B around 5%

Bubble Warning

Price-to-rent above mid-2000s boom levels; ownership costs at historic highs.

Essential Math

Core Formulas (Plain English)

Net Operating Income (NOI)

Rental Income – Operating Expenses (before debt)

Include

  • + Property taxes
  • + Insurance
  • + HOA/condo fees
  • + Property management
  • + Maintenance & repairs
  • + Utilities (if you pay)
  • + Licensing/permits

Exclude

  • Mortgage principal & interest
  • Income taxes
  • One-time costs

Cap Rate

NOI ÷ Purchase Price

Example

$30,000 NOI ÷ $600,000 = 5% cap rate

In Miami, 5–5.5% is typical for stabilized assets. Higher rates often hide issues.

Cash-on-Cash Return

Annual Cash Flow After Debt ÷ Total Cash Invested

Example

$3,000 annual cash flow ÷ $150,000 invested = 2%

In Miami, low or negative cash-on-cash is common with leverage in prime locations.

Debt Service Coverage Ratio (DSCR)

NOI ÷ Annual Debt Service

Example

$40,000 NOI ÷ $32,000 debt service = 1.25 DSCR

Lenders typically want ≥1.20–1.25 on investment properties.

Break-Even Occupancy

(Operating Expenses + Debt Service) ÷ Potential Gross Rent

Example

$51,000 total costs ÷ $60,000 rent = 85% break-even

Below this occupancy, you're feeding the property from your pocket.

Cost Structure

Typical Miami Expense Ranges

For a condo or small multifamily in Miami-Dade. These are ballpark ranges — your actual numbers will vary.

Expense CategoryTypical RangeExample ($600k Property)
Property Taxes0.8–1.1% of value/year$4,800–$6,600/year
Homeowners Insurance$5,000–$6,000+/year$415–$500/month
HOA / Condo Fees$600–$1,200+/monthVaries widely by building
Property Management (LTR)8–10% of rentOn $2,500 rent = $200–$250/mo
Property Management (STR)15–30% of revenueDepends on occupancy
Maintenance & Reserves5–10% of gross rentOn $2,500 rent = $125–$250/mo
Vacancy & Leasing5–8% of gross rentPlan for 1–2 months/year

The Miami Reality Check

Taxes, HOA, and insurance aren't "details" — they often determine whether a deal cash-flows or bleeds. Together, they can eat 40–50% of your gross rent before mortgage payments.

Case Study

Sample Deal: Brickell 2BR Condo (LTR)

A realistic example to show how the math works. Not a recommendation.

Deal Assumptions

Purchase Price$700,000
Down Payment (20%)$140,000
Loan Amount$560,000
Rate & Term7% × 30 years
Monthly P&I~$3,725
Market Rent$4,000/month

Annual Income

Gross Rent$4,000 × 12
Total Income$48,000

Annual Operating Expenses

Property Tax (0.85%)$5,950
Insurance$5,300
HOA ($900/mo)$10,800
Management (8%)$3,840
Maintenance$3,000
Misc Utilities$1,200
Total Expenses$30,090

NOI

$17,910/yr

Cap Rate

2.6%

Low but realistic for Brickell

Cash Flow After Debt

-$26,790/yr

Negative cash flow

DSCR

0.40

Below 1.20 lender comfort

What This Example Teaches

A desirable Brickell condo purchased with 20% down at today's rates is likely negative-cash-flow as a long-term rental. The deal only works if you: (1) put more cash down, (2) buy at a discount, or (3) find a low-HOA, low-insurance building. This is exactly why many Miami investors focus on appreciation, not cash flow.

Run your own numbers

Use our Deal Reality Check Calculator to analyze a specific property with realistic Miami market assumptions.

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